New RAND research has identified early predictors of cognitive impairment and dementia in a large, nationally representative sample of adults in the United States. The study, conducted by the nonprofit research organization, emphasizes the role of modifiable factors and baseline cognitive health in prevention and intervention strategies.
Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), researchers analyzed 181 potential risk factors across demographic, socioeconomic, psychosocial, lifestyle, health behaviors, and cognitive domains. Predictors such as baseline cognitive ability, physical health, functional limitations, education, health status, and lifestyle behaviors were found to be significant contributors to dementia risk.
The study highlighted the importance of early intervention focusing on modifiable risk factors such as physical activity, social engagement, and cognitive stimulation. Factors like cognitive measures, physical health, education, and lifestyle behaviors were identified as key predictors of cognitive decline and dementia. The report also addressed demographic and psychosocial factors that influence dementia risk, emphasizing the multifactorial nature of the disease.
Overall, the findings suggest that targeted interventions aimed at improving cognitive and physical health, promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors, and reducing socioeconomic disparities could help reduce the prevalence of dementia in the population. Policymakers are encouraged to consider evidence-based strategies to support these protective measures based on the study’s results.
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